The Oncologist, Vol. 10, No. 10, 815-826, November 2005; doi:10.1634/theoncologist.10-10-815 © 2005 AlphaMed Press
Current Therapy for Wilms TumorDepartment of Hematology-Oncology, St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA Key Words. Pediatric cancer • Wilms tumor • Nephroblastoma • Therapy • SIOP • NWTS Correspondence: Jeffrey S. Dome, M.D., Department of Hematology-Oncology, St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-2794, USA. Telephone: 901-495-2533; Fax: 901-495-3966; e-mail: jeff.dome{at}stjude.org
Wilms tumor was the first solid malignancy in which the value of adjuvant chemotherapy was established. Multimodality treatment has resulted in a significant improvement in outcome from approximately 30% in the 1930s to more than 85% in the modern era. Although the National Wilms Tumor Study Group and the International Society of Pediatric Oncology differ philosophically regarding the merits of preoperative chemotherapy, outcomes of patients treated with either up-front nephrectomy or preoperative chemotherapy have been excellent. The goal of current clinical trials is to reduce therapy for children with low-risk tumors, thereby avoiding acute and long-term toxicities. At the same time, current clinical trials seek to augment therapy for patients with high-risk Wilms tumor, including those with bilateral, anaplastic, and recurrent favorable histology tumors.
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