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Lung Cancer

Lung Cancer Screening

^a Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA; ^b Rush University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Key Words. Computerized tomographic scans • Spiral CT screening • Lung cancer

Correspondence: Apar Kishor Ganti, M.D., Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987680 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-7680, USA. Telephone: 402-559-6210 Fax: 402-559-6520; e-mail: aganti{at}unmc.edu

Advances in imaging technology have ushered in a new era for lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals using computed tomographic (CT) scans. Although most published studies are nonrandomized observational cohorts of volunteers, the ability of CT scans to detect early stage lung cancer is undisputable. What is unresolved is the ability of spiral CT screening to affect lung cancer-related mortality. A large randomized trial sponsored by the National Cancer Institute to address this question is currently under way. Genomic and proteomic approaches promise to complement the ability of spiral CT to detect early lung cancer in the next few years. Currently, the decision to screen for lung cancer should involve a careful discussion with the individuals involved about the potential advantages, costs, and drawbacks of the approach.

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