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First Published Online March 6, 2009
The Oncologist, Vol. 14, No. 3, 216-221, March 2009; doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2008-0194
© 2009 AlphaMed Press

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Endocrinology

Understanding the Relationship Between Age and Thyroid Cancer

Megan R. Haymart

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Key Words. Thyroid cancer • Age • Prognostic indicators • Cancer stage

Correspondence: Megan Rist Haymart, M.D., Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Wisconsin, H4/568 Clinical Sciences Center, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA. Telephone: 608-363-7780; Fax: 608-263-9221; e-mail: mrh{at}medicine.wisc.edu

Received August 28, 2008; accepted for publication January 27, 2009; first published online in THE ONCOLOGIST Express on March 6, 2009.

Disclosures

Megan R. Haymart: None

Section editors Herbert Chen and Stan B. Sidhu have disclosed no financial relationships relevant to the content of this article.

The content of this article has been reviewed by independent peer reviewers to ensure that it is balanced, objective, and free from commercial bias.

Target audience: Physicians who wish to advance their current knowledge of clinical cancer medicine in endocrinology.

Unique among malignancies, age is a key prognostic indicator for well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Patients aged <45 years can have the same degree of disease involvement and a distinctly different prognosis than those aged >45. Although the reason for the association between age and outcome is not entirely clear, it does imply that there is something intrinsic to either the cancer or the treatment that is age dependent. This article explores the characteristics of the normal thyroid and thyroid cancer that are age dependent. It then provides theories for the relationship between advanced age and poor prognosis, in addition to treatment options tailored to age at diagnosis.




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